Selasa, 01 Februari 2011

Kuda lumping dance

 Traditional dances that are played on a "no pattern" by the common people has been born and liked the community, especially in Java, since the ancient kingdoms was to do. Initially, according to history, art lumping horse was born as a symbol that people also have the ability (superiority) in the face of the enemy or against the power elite who have the royal army. In addition, also as a medium for presenting entertainment that cheap but the phenomenal to the people at large.
 
Now, art lumping horse still be a show that is enough to make the hearts of the audience captivated. Although the existence of these cultural relics began to compete strictly by the entry of foreign art and culture to their homeland, the dance still showed high attraction. Until now, we do not know who or where that sparked community groups (created) kuda lumping the first time. In fact, lumping horse art found in many areas and each recognizes the arts as one of their traditional culture. Including, pointed out some time ago, recognized also by the people of Johor in Malaysia as its own in addition to Reog Ponorogo. The phenomenon spread of lumping horse art in various places, with various and pattern, can be an indicator that the art culture that seemed full of magic is back "on the rise" as a cultural art which should be noted as an original Indonesian art. .

Whipped, glass and sprinkles of Fire Eating
I do not know what can make the players is like a man possessed. Judging from the way his game, the dancers like lumping horse has tremendous power, even seem to have supernatural powers. Art of dance that uses a fake horse made of woven bamboo and accompanied by gamelan music such as gongs, kenong, percussion and trumpet it, was able to make the audience impressed by any attractions penunggan (dancer) kuda lumping. Remarkably, dancers traditional lumping of the original horse is generally played by girls who dress like a soldier boy kingdom. Currently, more lumping horse playersmany acted by boys. The sound of a prod (whip) of the players who deliberately imposed this art, became the beginning of the game and the entry of a mystical power that can eliminate the consciousness-players. With the climb of woven bamboo horses, the horses ankles penunggan given this rattle began prancing, jumping up rolling on the ground. In addition to jumping, horse dancers did lumping other attractions, like eating glass and peel the coconut with his teeth. Glass (glass) that is eaten is the usual light bulb as the lights of our homes. He avidly ate like a shard of people starving, do not wince in pain and no blood at the time he ate the glass-shard.
When viewed from the overall game lumping horse, sound prod endless series of attractions that appear to dominate. Presumably, any prod by sipenunggang against itself, which is on foot or other body parts, will give a magical effect. That is, when the crack length of woven rattan and on the feet and swung his body, the dancer lumping horse will feel stronger, more powerful, more Digdaya. Generally, in that condition, he will increasingly wild and the power of doing things and not abstruse absurd healthy normal humans.
Lively and festive games lumping horse becomes more complete with a display of flame attraction. Bursts of fire coming out of the mouths of the other players, beginning with gasoline accommodate in their mouth and then sprayed on a fire that burns in a small sprig of iron which ends made in such a manner so that fire does not die before and after petrol was sprayed from his mouth. In lumping horse game, another meaning that is contained is the color. The colors are very dominant in this permaian namely: red, white and black. The red color symbolizes the courage and spirit. The white color symbolizes purity which is in the heart is also thought to reflect on all five senses so that it can serve as a role model in black.
As an attraction full of mystical and dangerous, lumping horse dance done under the supervision of a "supernatural leadership." Usually, this leader is a person who has a high unseen which can restore the dancer back to consciousness as usual. He is also responsible for the way of attractions, as well as heal pain experienced by the players lumping horse if something undesirable and cause illness or injury to the dancer. Therefore, although regarded as a folk game, lumping horse can not be played by just anyone, but must be under the direction and supervision of the leadership.
 

Need to Keep Maintained and Developed 
Broadly speaking, so much art and culture in Indonesia familial inherited from ancestors of Indonesia until the current generation. Now, we as a successor to the nation is the heir of the art of traditional culture as they must keep and maintain it properly. Our task is to maintain and develop it, so from day to day is not vanished and disappeared from the artistic treasures of our society.
One thing we must be aware that Indonesia is still colonized until now with the influx of foreign culture that tries to get rid of local cultures. Therefore, we as the future generation rose up together to bring back culture since ancient extinct there and not to swallow the modern age. To that end, the Government and the community is expected to continually exploring cultural back what until recently almost no sound again, to then re-developed and preserved the values of Indonesian culture.


Kuda Lumping is the art of dance that is played with a horse property imitation, made from woven bamboo or braid. None of the historical record can explain the origin of this dance, only verbal history passed down from one generation to the next.
That said, Kuda Lumping dance is a form of appreciation and support of the commoners against the cavalry of Prince Diponegoro in the face of Dutch colonizers. There is also a version that says, that the Kuda Lumping dance describes the story of the struggle of Raden Patah, aided by Sunan Kalijaga, against the Dutch colonialists. Another version says that, this dance tells about the war games led by Mataram forces lane I, King of Mataram, to face the Dutch troops.
Regardless of their origin and historical value, Kuda Lumping dance reflects the spirit of heroism and military aspects of a cavalry or cavalry. This is evident from the rhythmic movements, dynamic, and aggressive, through the flick of woven bamboo, mimicking the movement like a horse in the middle of battle.
Often in Kuda Lumping dance performances, also featured attractions that demonstrate the power of magical supernatural smells, like attraction to chew glass, slashed arms with machetes, set fire to himself, walking on broken glass, and others. Perhaps, this attraction reflects a supernatural force, which in ancient Javanese kingdom flourished in the environment, and is a non-military aspects that are used to fight the Dutch troops.
In East Java, is familiar with the art community in some areas, such as Malang, Nganjuk, Tulungagung, and other areas. This dance is usually displayed on certain events, such as the welcome guest of honor, and as thanksgiving, of intent which was granted by the Almighty.
In pementasanya, do not need a special choreography, and the supply of equipment as well as Karawitan gamelan. Gamelan to accompany dances Kuda Lumping quite simple, consisting only of Kendang, Kenong, Gong, and trumpet, the flute to sound shrill. The poems are brought in to accompany the dance, usually contains an appeal for people always do good deeds and always remember the Great Creator.
Besides containing the elements of entertainment and religion, traditional arts Kuda Lumping is often also an element of ritual. Because before the show begins, usually a charmer rain will perform rituals, to maintain the sunny weather remember to keep the show is usually done in the open field.
In each pagelarannya, Kuda Lumping dance 4 fragment presents dance that is 2 times Buto dance Lawas, Senterewe dance, and dance Begon Princess.
At Buto fragment Lawas, usually danced by men only and consists of 4 to 6 people dancer. Some young dancers riding bamboo matting and dancing to the music. In this section, the dancers Buto Lawas to have possessed or possessed by spirits. The audience was not immune from this phenomenon of possession. Many local people who witnessed the event into a trance and danced with the dancers. In the unconscious, they continued to dance with energetic movement and looks compact with other dancers.
To restore the consciousness of the dancers and the audience who possessed, in any event is always present its progenitor, one who has supernatural abilities that its presence can be recognized through the clothes she was wearing all black. The progenitor of this will give the bidder until the consciousness of the dancers and spectators recover.
In the next fragment, dancers bring men and women join the dance senterewe.
In the last fragment, with movements more relaxed, six women brought dance Begon Princess, which is a dance cover of a whole series of attractions Kuda Lumping dance. 


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Reog ponorogo

Origin Reog Ponorogo - East Java






Once upon a time there was a beautiful princess named Dewi Sanggalangit. He is the daughter of a famous king in Kediri. Because of her beautiful and gentle manner many of the princes and kings who wanted to ask for her hand to serve as wives.
But unfortunately Goddess Sanggalangit not seem eager to settle down. So the nauseating both parents. Though both her parents had longed presence of a grandchild. "My child, until when are you going to reject every prince who came to propose," asked King in a day.
"Father ... actually I do not desire to be married. But if the father was expected, all right. But please give conditions, future husband should be able to meet the desires of the servant the servant. "
"Then what is your wish?"
"I do not know ..."
"Why? How weird ...? "Said King.
"I will meditate ask for Gods guidance. After that I will go to the father to convey the desire servant. "
Thus, three days and three nights Goddess Sanggalangit meditate. On the fourth day he was facing his father.
"Father, husband slave candidate must be able to present an interesting spectacle. Spectacle or the crowd that has not existed before. Such dances are accompanied by wasps and gamelan. Equipped with twin rows of horses as much as one hundred and forty-tail. Will be used as a bridal procession. Last should be able to bring the two-headed beast. "
"Why so serious syaratmu that!" Said King.
Although the conditions were still severe announced to the entire public. Anyone can follow the contest. No matter the princes, sons of nobles or commoners.
The applicants who had been the passionate to marry Dewi Sanggalangit be discouraged. Many of those who resigned because he felt unable to meet the demands of the Goddess.
Finally, only two people who claim could meet the demand Goddess Sanggalangit. They are the king of the Kingdom Singabarong Kelanaswandana Lodaya and King of the Kingdom Bandarangin.
Majesty the King was very surprised to hear the king's second ability. Because King Singabarong is a strange man. He was a tiger-headed man. Savage and cruel character. Medium Kelanaswandana is a king who was handsome and gallant, but had a strange habit, like the boys. The boy was regarded as pretty girls.
But all already, Goddess Sanggalangit can not thwart the requirements that have been announced.
King of the Kingdom Lodaya Singabarong ruled by ruthless and cruel. All his will must be obeyed. Who are the people who disobey will certainly be killed. King Singabarong tall big. From the neck up tangible terrible tiger. Hairy and full of fleas. That's why he maintains an avid bird peacock pecking at flea-kutunya.
He already has a concubine in large amounts. But not yet have a consort. According to him until this moment there is no woman who deserves to be queen, but Goddard Sanggalangit of Kediri. So he really hope to meet as requested by the Goddess Sanggalangit.
Singabarong king has ordered to his servant to find a twin horses. Mobilize the artists and seniwatinya create an interesting spectacle, and get a two-headed beast. But the job was not easy. Twin horse had to be collected, but the spectacle with new creations have not created, so too have not gotten the two-headed beast.
So one day she called his patih named Iderkala.
"Hi Patih try until you find out how the Goddess Sanggalangit Kelanaswandana prepare request. We do not get lost quickly by Kelanaswandana. "
Patih Iderkala with some soldiers immediately went to the royal choice Bandarangin disguised as a merchant. They investigate the various efforts made by King Kelanaswandana. After carefully investigating for five days they returned to Lodaya.
"Have mercy Majesty. Presumably the Kelanaswandana almost succeeded in realizing the demand Goddess Sanggalangit. Servant see more than one hundred horses twins have been collected. They also have prepared an interesting spectacle, which is amazing. "Patih Iderkala reported.
"Oh woe! Then soon he could seize Sanggalangit Goddess as his wife. "Says King Singabarong. "And what about the two-headed animals, what they have also been prepared?"
"Only the animals that they have not prepared. But it seems a little more they can find it. "Continued Patih Iderkala.
King Singabarong became very upset. He got up from his chair and said loudly.
"Patih Iderkala! From this day to prepare soldiers equipped with weapons of choice. Every time they must be ready to burst into Bandarangin governed. "
Thus, King Singabarong intend to seize the great efforts of King Kelanaswandana. After a good preparation, the King ordered the soldiers Singabarong spies to investigate the journey that will be pursued King Kelanaswandana of Wengker to Kediri. King Singabarong plan would invade and seize them in the journey of King Kelanaswandana operating results to be submitted himself to the Goddess Sanggalangit.
Kelanaswandana king who ruled the kingdom Wengker bodied handsome and dashing. He ruled with a fair and wise. But there is not a good character, he likes to fondle the boy. He considered the boy a handsome and comely stature is like teenage girls. This is especially worrisome royal officials and the clergy. Cause misery for the people who have lost sons as satisfying lust King.
Patih Pujanggeleng and clergy court had tried to advise the King to leave his bad habits but their advice was useless. King still collect tens of boys who handsome.
One day King Kelanaswandana calling all royal officials and the clergy. He said that he would stop the habit if you can marry Dewi Sanggalangit of Kediri. Because he had a dream last night met a beautiful girl was in bed. According to the Gods that girl who will stop the bad habit boys fondle.
All the officials and ministers agreed that the King will want to marry Dewi Sanggalangit. So when they hear the terms proposed Goddess Sanggalagit, they no trepidation, all the royal subjects, both the officials, artists, ordinary people willing to work hard to meet demand Sanggalangit Goddess.
Because all subjects then received support in a tempo that is not so long to prepare the request of King Kelanaswandana Sanggalangit Goddess. Only two-headed beast that has not gotten. Patih Pujanggeleng working furiously to find the beast finally show of hands, declared ketidaksanggupannya to the King.
"It does not matter!" Said King Kelanaswandana. "About two-headed beast that I'll look for it. Now raise awareness, I smell bad sign from the neighboring kingdom. "
"I mean Your Majesty?" Asked Patih Pujanggeleng curious.
"Tell you disguise of ordinary people, Mingle with people in markets and other crowd."
The order was executed, then Patih Pujanggeleng understand the purpose of the King. Apparently there is an intruder from Lodaya kingdom. They are the soldiers choice masquerading as pitchman. Patih Pujanggeleng who also held a similar guise to finally pry information subtly what purpose Lodoya soldier came into Bandarangin.
Soldiers Lodaya feel excited after getting the necessary information. He intends to return to Lodoya. However, before passing the border, the men Patih Pujanggeleng already besieged, because it is against the soldiers forced the soldiers to kill Bandarangin.
Pujanggeleng vizier to King Kelanaswandana.
"What do you get?" Asked the King Kelanaswandana.
"There are intruders from Lodaya kingdom who want to extract information about the business Sire Dewi Sanggalangit eligible. King Singabarong about to rob the business on their way to Kediri Majesty. "
"Brazen!" Said King Kelanaswandana. "So King Singabarong will use devious means to obtain Goddard Sanggalangit. Then we destroy the kingdom Lodaya. Prepare our troops. "
Meanwhile, King Singabarong a soldier waiting for a report from the spies who were sent to Bandarangin seems restless. He immediately ordered Patih Iderkala followed to the border. While he himself immediately went to the Castle to see the peacock, because at that moment his head feels itchy all.
"Hi peacock! Quick patukilah the fleas in my head! "Shouted the King Singabarong with trembling hold itch.
Peacock that used to do his duty immediately alighted on the shoulders of King Singabarong ago pecking at the head lice King Singabarong.
Patukan-patukan the peacock feels good, fun, like a cradle so that the King Singabarong complacent and eventually fell asleep. He did not know the situation outside the palace. Because there is no soldier who dared to report to him. It has been ordered to the soldier that if he was in stopped anyone to see and should not be disturbed, if the order was violated, the perpetrators will be punished by death.
Because he did not fall asleep knowing if outside the palace had come Bandarangin troops invaded and defeated soldiers Lodaya. Even Patih Iderkala sent to the border have been wiped out in advance because it ran into Bandarangin troops.
When the war had already spread to the nearby palace of King Singabarong Castle then woke up to hear his noises. While the birds roost they still continue to peck the fleas head, when seen at a glance from the front of the King Singabarong like two-headed beast with heads of tigers and peacocks.
"Hey you guys why the fuss?" Cried the King Singabarong.
There was no answer, except berkelebatnya shadow someone who is none other than King Kelanaswandana. King Bandarangin that we knew were in front of King Singabarong.
King Singabarong surprised at all. "O King Kelanaswandana want what you came here?"
"Do not pretend stupid!" Said King Kelanaswandana. "Are not you going to rob my efforts in meeting the requirements Sanggalangit Goddess!"
"Hem, so you already know!" Said King Singabarong with a sense of shame.
"Yes, so for that I come to punish you!" Said King Kelanaswandana thus issued its miracle. Directed to the head of King Singabarong. Immediately head Singabarong changed. Peacock perched on his shoulder suddenly became one with his head attached so that the two-headed King Singabarong.
King Singabarong absurdly angry, he pulled kerisnya and jumped to attack King Kelanaswandana. But King immediately swung the whip magic Kelanaswandana named Samandiman. It can whip out the heat and sound like thunder.
"Jhedhaaar ...!" So exposed to whip Samandiman, the body of King Singabarong bounce, flounder-gelepar on the ground. Instantly her body felt weak and strangely enough his body suddenly turned into a strange animal, namely the two-headed tiger head and peacock. He can not speak and has lost his mind. King Kelanaswandana Bandarangin immediately ordered soldiers to arrest and bring to the country Singabarong Bandarangin.
A few days later the king sent a messenger that tells Kelanaswandana King Kediri that he soon came to bring the Goddess Sanggalangit. King immediately called Goddess Sanggalangit Kediri.
"My son do you really willing to become the wife of King Kelanaswandana?"
"Father ... if King Kelanaswandana able to meet the requirements of the servant?"
"Of course, he will come with all the requirements that you ask. The problem now, do not you sorry to be the wife of King Kelanaswandana? "
"If it was a mate I will accept it. Who knows the presence of slave side that will change his bad habits. "Goddard said Sanggalangit.
Thus, on the appointed day came the entourage of King Kelanaswandana with art Reog as accompaniment. King Kelanaswandana come to the accompaniment of a hundred and forty-four horses, twin, with the sound of gamelan, drum and trumpet the cause strange mix of sounds strange, lilting melodious. Coupled with the presence of two-headed beast that danced wild yet beautiful and interesting. Everyone who watched cheered with delight, they go unnoticed danced and pranced with delight to follow the sound of music.
Thus, in the end Goddess Sanggalangit become empress King Kelanaswandana and trafficked to Bandarangin in Wengker. Wengker is another name of Ponorogo so in the future art was called Reog Reog Ponorogo.

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Samudra pasai Kingdom

Samudra pasai Kingdom  in Indonesia recorded history as a royal Islam in Indonesia. King The first and the founder of the Indian empire Pasai is Sultan Malik al-Saleh (1290-1297). Samudra pasai Kingdom
located on the north Perlak area Lhok Seumawe now (east coast Aceh), directly adjacent to the Strait Malacca. In the year 1297 AD, Sultan Malik Al-Saleh's death, then the Samudra pasai Kingdom led by his son named Sultan Malik al-Tahir (1297 - 1326). After Sultan Malik al-Tahir's death on in 1326, the kingdom of Samudera Pasai led by his son, named Sultan Malik al-Zahir. Regarding this the sultan personally, Ibn Battuta (nomad from Morocco), which had stopped at Samudra pasai  in 1345 and 1346 said that Sultan Malik al-Zahir was a sultan who obedient to the religion and embrace Syafi hab ma i. In the reign of Malik al-Zahir there are people who become official Persian palace. In 1348, Sultan Malik al-Zahir's death, then the royal throne held by Zainal Abidin. During this Zainal Abidin, Majapahit successfully mastered Samudera Pasai. Thus, being the Samudera Pasai under the rule of Majapahit. After experiencing the destruction of Majapahit, Samudera Pasai upright again. The existence of Samudera Pasai until the year 1405 is still heard preached by Muhammad Cheng Ho leaders Chinese fleet, which is Muslim, and had stopped at Samudera Pasai. After Zainal Abidin, the kingdom is not heard from again because it has been shifted by the Kingdom of Malacca. Community's economy depends on trade Samudera Pasai. Position at the international trade route used by this kingdom to the economic advancement of its people. According to some sources history, it is known that many traders from various countries anchored in the Port of Pasai. The kingdom was trying to set up the ports that can be used to increase material supplies, taking care of shipping, collect and store merchandise, either to be sent abroad as well as those deployed in the country. Samudera Pasai state of society at that time, it is known from records Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta travel. According to their travel records, Pasai society is a society that is Muslim traders especially those living on the east coast of Sumatra. According to their records This is also known that the kingdom of Samudera Pasai a distribution center Islam to the region in Sumatra and Malacca. People Pasai who has embraced Islam into groups that play a role in spread of Islam, in addition to local clergy and merchant classes. Samudera Pasai social life, governed by rules and the laws of Islam which has similarities with the region Arab, so the area dubbed the royal Samudera Pasai region Veranda of Mecca.
 

Here is the order of the kings who ruled in the Indian Pasai, namely as follows.  
1. Sultan Malik al-Saleh;  
2. Malikul Sultan Zahir;  
3. Sultan Muhammad;  
4. Sultan Ahmad Zahir Malikul (Sultan al-Malik Jamaluddin);  
5. Sultan Zainal Abidin;  
6. Sultan Bahiah. 

Kingdom of Malacca Kingdom of Malacca now includes the territory of Malaysia, but because of Malacca played an important role in the growth kerajaan kerajaan Islam in Indonesia, the Malacca empire need to be discussed in history Islam in Indonesia. Growth of the Kingdom of Malacca is influenced by the hectic trading International Indian Ocean. Malacca Port previously lacked political power, except as a haven traders from various nations, particularly Muslim traders. Not known exactly how the beginning of the Kingdom of Malacca this. According to some versions, the kingdom was founded by a prince named Parameswara from Palembang who fled to Malacca when it happens attack of Majapahit. He founded the kingdom of Malacca around 1400. At first, Parameswara was a Hindu king. After embraced Islam, he changed his name to the name of Islam, Muhammad Shah (1400-1414). The first King was later replaced by Sultan Iskandar Shah (1414-1424). Furthermore, the kings who ruled Malacca is Sultan Muzaffar Shah (1424-1444), Sultan Mansur Shah (1444-1477), and Sultan Mahmud Shah (1477-1511). Kingdom of Malacca has a very large role in trade. Trade became the main source of income Kingdom of Malacca.

 
There some characteristics with regard to trade in Malacca.  
1) The king and royal officials involved in trade activities. They have a boat, skipper, and crew who worked with him. In addition that, they also invest their money to the shipping company. 
 2) Taxes imposed excise tax on each item divided over origin of goods. Goods originating from West Asia, like India, Persia, Arab, etc., subject to duty at 6%. While the goods from East Asia, including traders from the archipelago not subject to customs duty, but they must give tribute to kings and princes port.  
3) Trade carried out in two types. First, traders enter capital in the form of merchandise transported by ship to sold to another country. Second, the merchant entrust goods or lend money to the skipper who will share the profits with traders financiers.  
4) Kingdom issued various laws that govern trade in the Kingdom of Malacca, to trade running smoothly. Kingdom of collapse after a Malacca was ruled by the Portuguese under the leadership of Alfonso d'Albuquerque, in 1511. Thus, political power of the kingdom of Malacca only lasted less than a century.